RENTAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS

Wheelies Van Rentals Gold Coast

ABN 85 253 211 402

Rental Terms and Conditions

1. Introduction

1.1. Rental Contract

Your contract to hire a Vehicle from Wheelies Van Rentals Gold Coast (Rental Contract) consists of:

(a) the agreement (Rental Agreement) You have signed to hire the Vehicle from Us; and

(b) these rental Terms and Conditions (Terms and Conditions).

1.2. Jurisdiction

The Rental Contract is governed by the laws of Queensland and You agree that courts in that state have non-exclusive jurisdiction to

determine any dispute that arises between You and Us.

1.3. Australian Consumer Law

You have consumer rights conferred by the Australian Consumer Law and neither this clause nor any other provision of the Rental

Contract excludes, restricts or modifies any implied terms, guarantees or rights You may have under those laws or any other Federal,

State or Territory legislation.

1.4. Electronic signatures

We may use electronic signatures as a means of entry into the Rental Contract. When You insert an electronic signature You consent to

the use of this means of acknowledgment and acceptance of these Terms and Conditions and Your obligations under the Rental Contract.

2. Who may drive the Vehicle?

⚠ IMPORTANT NOTICE

A breach of any part of this clause 2 is a Major Breach of the Rental Contract. See clause 12 for further details.

2.1. Authorised Drivers

Only You or an Authorised Driver can drive the Vehicle. Allowing anyone who is not an Authorised Driver to drive constitutes a

Major Breach of the Rental Contract that excludes You and any Authorised Driver from all entitlement to Damage Cover

indemnity under clause 8 of these Terms and Conditions.

2.2. Age limits

There is a minimum and maximum age limit for those renting Our Vehicles. You and any Authorised Driver must be at least 25 and

not over 75 years of age and have no less than 12 months driving experience, unless We have agreed to a variation of that restriction

before the Start of the Rental and it is shown in the Rental Agreement.

2.3. Licence requirements

(a) You and any Authorised Driver must also have a valid licence to drive the Vehicle which is:

(i) issued in an Australian state or territory or an international licence (with a valid International Driving Permit or an

approved translation into English if the licence is not issued in English);

(ii) appropriate for the class of the Vehicle; and

(iii) not subject to any restriction or condition.

(b) Learner drivers and provisional and probationary licence holders are not acceptable and must not drive the Vehicle.

2.4. Cancelled and suspended licences

The Vehicle must not be driven:

(a) whilst Your driver's licence is cancelled or suspended, including as a result of an accumulation of demerit points;

(b) if Your licence has been cancelled or suspended, within 2 years of the date of the Rental Agreement.

2.5. False information

The Vehicle must never be driven by You or an Authorised Driver who has provided a false or misleading name, age, address or driver's licence.

3. Prohibited Use

3.1. ⚠ IMPORTANT NOTICE

A breach of any part of this clause 3 is a Major Breach of the Rental Contract. See clause 12 for further details.

The Vehicle must not be driven by You or any Authorised Driver:

(a) whilst intoxicated or under the influence of drugs or alcohol or with a blood alcohol content or level of drugs present in

blood, urine or oral fluid that exceeds the limit set by law;

(b) recklessly or dangerously; or

You and any Authorised Driver must not:

(a) fail or refuse to undergo any breath, blood, urine or oral fluid test or drug impairment assessment;

(b) use the Vehicle:

(i) for any illegal purpose;

3.2. (ii) to move dangerous, hazardous, biohazardous, infectious, inflammable goods or substances that pollute or

contaminate, in quantities above that used for domestic purposes;

(iii) to propel or tow another vehicle or a trailer;

(iv) to carry or transport illegal drugs or substances;

(v) in connection with the motor trade for experiments, tests, trials or demonstration purposes; or

(vi) in an unsafe or un-roadworthy condition; or

(i) to make or receive a phone call, perform any audio function or as a navigational device, unless the Vehicle is

stationary and the body of the phone is secured in a mounting affixed to the Vehicle and its use does not require

manual operation of the phone; or

(ii) to send a text message, video message, email or similar communication unless the Vehicle is parked.

3.3. You and any Authorised Driver must not:

(a) damage the Vehicle deliberately or recklessly or allow anyone else to do so;

(b) modify the Vehicle in any way;

(d) register or claim to be entitled to register any interest in the Vehicle under the Personal Property Securities Act 2009.

3.4. You and any Authorised Driver must not use the Vehicle to carry:

(a) passengers for hire, fare or reward or for rideshare purposes;

(b) more than the number of passengers for which the Vehicle is licenced; or

4. Prohibited areas of use

4.1. 4.2. ⚠ IMPORTANT NOTICE

A breach of any part of this clause 4 is a Major Breach of the Rental Contract. See clause 12 for further details.

The Vehicle must never be driven:

(a) Off Road;

(b) on a fire trail or 4WD only designated road; or

The Vehicle must not be used in any area that is prohibited by Us. Prohibited areas include:

(a) roads that are prone to flooding or are flooded;

(b) beaches, sand dunes, streams, rivers, creeks, dams and floodwaters;

(d) any road that is closed; and

(e) any road where it would be unsafe to drive the Vehicle.

The Vehicle must never be driven or used:

(a) in Western Australia or the Northern Territory; or

(b) on any island that is off mainland Australia or Tasmania,

unless We have given Our written permission prior to the Start of the Rental and it is noted on the Rental Agreement.

5. Your obligations

4.3. ⚠ IMPORTANT NOTICE

A breach of any of sub-clauses 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8 or 5.10 is a Major Breach of the Rental Contract. See clause 12 for

further details.

5.1. Start of the Rental

At the Start of the Rental and before collecting the Vehicle You must:

(a) present Your driver's licence and that of any Authorised Driver and permit copies of the drivers' licences to be made and kept

by Us;

(b) (c) present Your passport if You are not an Australian citizen;

fully inspect the Vehicle at the Start of Rental to ensure that the condition of the Vehicle and any pre-existing

damage is accurately noted and shown in the Rental Agreement. If there is any discrepancy You must notify Us

prior to leaving the Rental Station; and

(d) pay the anticipated Rental Charges.

5.2. Wheelchair access

(a) The safe use of this wheelchair access Vehicle is critical as improper use may cause injury or death to You, Your passengers

or the occupant of the wheelchair.

(b) Prior to use of the Vehicle You and any Authorised Driver must familiarise Yourselves with the instructions located inside

the Vehicle to ensure correct use of the ramp and restraint of the wheelchair and its occupant.

(i) unlock the lower rear door before lowering the ramp;

(ii) always lock the ramp when it is fully raised;(iii) stand to the side while lowering and raising the ramp;

(iv) only deploy the ramp on level ground;

(v) ensure the wheelchair and the occupant are properly and safely restrained; and

(vi) ensure the red switch which unlocks the front restraints is in the 'off' position while travelling.

(d) If You are uncertain about any aspect of the safe operation of the equipment in this wheelchair access Vehicle, You must

5.3. During Your rental

(a) You must:

(i) (ii) inspect the Vehicle daily for oil, water and fuel leaks, Damage and check tyre pressure; and

adhere to any mileage instructions displayed in the Vehicle or set by the Rental Station.

(b) You must not:

(i) use the Vehicle for transporting any pets or animals, except assistance animals, unless specifically

approved by Us;

(ii) smoke in the Vehicle and You must take reasonable steps to prevent passengers from doing so. It is an

offence in some Australian states to smoke in a vehicle where there are passengers of less than 18

years of age; or

(iii) use the Vehicle to move infectious, biohazardous or biomedical waste, unless specifically approved by

Us.

Additional cleaning, disinfection and deodorising charges will apply.

5.4. Seat belts and restraints

You must comply with all mandatory:

(a) seat belt laws and fines may be imposed by the police on any driver or passenger who does not have a seat belt properly

adjusted and fastened; and

(b) child restraint laws and ensure that for all children under the age of seven years the restraint has been fitted correctly

according to the weight and age of the child and that the restraint is properly adjusted and fastened.

5.5. Vehicle to be locked and keys kept in your possession

You and any Authorised Driver must make sure that the Vehicle is locked when not in use or unattended and the keys or remote

control device must be kept in Your possession, or that of any Authorised Driver, at all times and never left in the ignition when the

Vehicle is unattended.

5.6. Reasonable care

You and any Authorised Driver must take reasonable care of the Vehicle by:

(a) preventing it from being damaged;

(b) making sure that it is protected from the weather;

(d) using the correct fuel type; and

(e) making sure it is not overloaded.

5.7. Notification of Vehicle fault

You must inform Us immediately if:

(a) a warning light or fault message appears;

(b) You see or become aware of low engine or brake oils, or engine coolant levels; or

If You fail to notify Us and continue to use the Vehicle You will be responsible for any Damage or Third Party Loss.

5.8. Repair without authority prohibited

You must not let anyone else repair or work on the Vehicle or tow or salvage it without Our prior written authority to do so.

5.9. Repair with authority

Where We have given You Our prior authority to repair the Vehicle You must keep and produce to Us the original tax invoices and

receipts for any repairs, towing or salvage and You will be reimbursed only if these expenses have been authorised by Us. Any

entitlement to reimbursement is subject to there being no Major Breach of the Rental Contract.

5.10. Staying with the Vehicle after an Accident

You must not leave the Vehicle unattended following an Accident and before the arrival of a tow or salvage operator.

6. Rental Period, costs and charges

6.1. Your Rental

Your rental of the Vehicle from Us is for the Rental Period and at the rate shown in the Rental Agreement.

6.2. Extending the Rental Period

(a) We understand that circumstances change and that You may require the Vehicle for longer than the Rental

Period. If so, You must notify Us no less than 24 hours prior to the expiration of the Rental Period.

(b) If You fail to notify Us at least 24 hours before the expiration of the Rental Period that You require an extension,

and fail to return the Vehicle on the scheduled date and at the time shown in the Rental Agreement, We may:

(i) terminate the Rental Contract; and

(ii) if the location of the Vehicle is known, recover it by lawful means or if it is unknown, after making

reasonable attempts to contact You, report the Vehicle as stolen to the Police.6.3. Cancellation and 'No Show'

(a) You will be charged the Rental Charges for the Rental Period as booked if:

(i) Your booking is cancelled within 24 hours prior to the Start of the Rental; or

(ii) You fail to notify Us of Your intended cancellation prior to the Start of the Rental and fail to pick up the

Vehicle,

unless We are able to rent the Vehicle to another renter for an equivalent term and rate.

(b) A cancellation is not effective until acknowledged and confirmed by Us.

6.4. Tolls, fines and infringements

You and any Authorised Driver must pay all tolls, speeding and traffic fines and infringements as well as any fines or charges imposed

for parking or using the Vehicle or release of the Vehicle if it has been seized by a regulatory authority. An administrative fee applies if

We are required to nominate You as the responsible driver if any toll, fine or infringement is unpaid.

6.5. Daily kilometre limit

A daily limit of 250 kilometres applies unless You have Our prior written approval to have this limit waived and it is noted on

the Rental Agreement. For each day You exceed that limit (calculated over the Rental Period) You will incur an additional fee of fifty

cents (50c) per kilometre.

6.6. Return of the Vehicle

(a) You must return the Vehicle:

(i) to the Rental Station;

(ii) on the date and by the time shown in the Rental Agreement;

(iii) in a reasonable state of cleanliness;

(iv) in the same mechanical condition it was in at the Start of the Rental, fair wear and tear excepted; and

(v) with a full tank of fuel.

(b) If You return the Vehicle:

(i) with less than a full tank of fuel a refuelling charge of $55 (including GST) plus the cost of the fuel, will

apply;

(ii) more than one hour after the date and time set for its return in the Rental Agreement, We will charge You

$25 per hour up to one full day's rental and a further full day's rental at the standard rate for each

24 hour period or part thereof until the Vehicle is returned to Us; or

(iii) at any time outside Our normal business hours You must pay for the daily Rental Charges and all

Damage until the Rental Station next opens for business unless We have agreed to an after business

hours drop off and it is shown on the Rental Agreement.

6.7. One way rentals

Notwithstanding sub-clause 6.6(a)(i), return of the Vehicle to a different Rental Station is permitted, subject to availability but You

must have Our written permission prior to the Start of the Rental which will be noted on the Rental Agreement. Extra

charges apply to one-way rentals and a quotation will be supplied upon request.

6.8. Post rental inspection procedure

(a) We will take reasonable steps to conduct a post rental inspection in Your presence;

(b) If You do not wish to wait for the full inspection, We will use reasonable endeavours to conduct the inspection within four (4)

business hours; and

6.9. End of the Rental

At the End of the Rental You must pay:

(a) the balance of the Rental Charges, including any charges for excess kilometres (if any);

(b) the Damage Excess if there is Damage or Third Party Loss as a result of an Accident or the Vehicle is stolen;

(i) refuelling costs; and

(ii) extra cleaning costs;

(d) for all Damage arising from a Major Breach of the Rental Contract;

(e) for all Overhead Damage;

(f) for all Underbody Damage; and

(g) for any Damage caused by the immersion of the Vehicle in water.

6.10. Credit card authority

If any amount is due to Us or remains unpaid, including:

(a) the Rental Charges;

(b) tolls;

(d) fines or charges imposed for parking;

(e) extra cleaning costs

(f) refuelling costs; or

(g) the Damage Excess.

You authorise Us to debit Your credit card with that amount within a reasonable time after the End of the Rental.6.11. Default in payment

If You default in the payment of any moneys owed to Us under the Rental Contract:

(a) You must pay Us interest on that overdue amount calculated at the rate of 10% per annum and starting 7 days after the date

that overdue amount became payable to Us and ending on the date of payment of all amounts due;

(b) We may engage a mercantile agent or debt collector and You must pay the reasonable costs and charges We incur in

recovering or attempting to recover that overdue amount, including mercantile or debt collection fees, commission and any

legal costs; and

(c) You authorise Us to provide information of that default to a credit reporting body and to obtain an up to date consumer credit

report on You. Personal information may be used and disclosed by the credit reporting body in accordance with the Privacy

Act to create or maintain a credit information file containing information about You, including defaults in excess of 60 days

and the debt owed to Us.

7. Toll charges

7.1. An electronic tag (e-tag) is not fitted to the Vehicle and it is Your responsibility to fit an e-tag to the Vehicle or purchase a day pass for

payment of tolls when using the Vehicle on toll roads.

7.2. If You fail to do so and We are required to nominate You as the responsible party We will charge You an administrative fee for each

nomination.

8. Damage Cover

8.1. Damage Excess

(a) Standard Damage Cover is included in the Rental Charges.

(b) Subject to these Terms and Conditions, We will indemnify You and any Authorised Driver for any Damage to the Vehicle, its

theft or Third Party Loss but You must pay up to the Damage Excess of $1,500 for each Accident or theft claim unless:

(i) We agree You were not at fault; and

(ii) the other party was insured and their insurance company accepts liability.

8.2. Damage Excess reduction

You my reduce the Damage Excess payable to $500 by payment of an additional charge of $9.95 per day.

8.3. When is the Damage Excess payable?

Unless You have expressly authorised a charge to Your credit card at an earlier time an amount up to, but not exceeding,

the Damage Excess will be charged to Your credit card:

(a) for single vehicle Accidents, after a repairer's estimate or tax invoice verifying the amount charged for Damage

has been sent to You;

(b) if the Vehicle has been stolen, after We have made reasonable enquiries and in Our opinion it is unlikely the

Vehicle will be recovered; and

Supporting documents and particulars of the claim for Third Party Loss will be forwarded to You as soon as

practicable.

8.4. Claims Administration fee

All Accident, attempted theft and theft claims will incur a claims administration fee of $100 in addition to the Damage Excess liability.

This fee is to compensate Us for the labour and associated costs with processing Your claim.

9. Damage Cover Exclusions

9.1. Even if You have paid the Damage Excess, there is no Damage Cover, and You and any Authorised Driver are liable for:

(a) Damage or Third Party Loss arising from:

(i) a Major Breach of the Rental Contract; or

(ii) the use of the Vehicle by any driver who is not an Authorised Driver or who is less than 25 or more than 75 years of

age;

(b) Overhead Damage;

(d) Damage caused by:

(i) immersion of the Vehicle in water; or

(ii) use of the incorrect fuel type; and

(e) damage to the tyres of the Vehicle, other than by normal wear and tear.

9.2. There is also no Damage Cover for:

(a) the full cost of replacing or repairing any accessories supplied by Us including, but not limited to GPS units, lost keys,

keyless start and remote control devices; or

(b) personal items that are left in or stolen from the Vehicle or for loss or damage to property belonging to or in the custody of:

(i) You;

(ii) any relative, friend or associate of Yours ordinarily residing with You or with whom You ordinarily reside;

(iii) any relative, friend or associate of an Authorised Driver; or

(iv) Your employees.

10. Accidents or breakdowns

10.1. We will provide You with a Vehicle that is of acceptable quality and in good working condition taking into account the age of the

Vehicle but breakdowns do occur. Twenty four hour roadside assistance is provided free of charge for breakdowns (but not forAccidents. For roadside assistance You can contact Us on 1300 352 742 or you can contact Our service provider RACQ or its

affiliated organisation in other states to arrange assistance in cases of breakdown or tyre repairs.

10.2. If the fault cannot be rectified on the roadside, We will recover and repair the Vehicle as soon as possible but if it cannot be repaired

We will use Our best endeavours to provide a replacement Vehicle where one is available.

10.3. We are not responsible for:

(a) a flat battery because the lights or entertainment system have been left on;

(b) tyre changing;

(d) keys or remote control device locked in the Vehicle.

Extra charges will apply if any of these services are provided at Your request and You are responsible for and must pay

for any Damage caused.

10.4. Subject to the Australian Consumer Law, We are not responsible for:

(a) flights You have missed;

(b) holiday plans that are disrupted;

or pandemics;

(d) loss of enjoyment; or

(e) consequential or economic loss.

11. Accident and theft reporting

11.1. 11.2. 11.3. ⚠ IMPORTANT NOTICE

A breach of any part of this clause 11 is a Major Breach of the Rental Contract. See clause 12 for further details.

If You or an Authorised Driver has an Accident or if the Vehicle is stolen You must report the Accident or theft to Us as soon as

practicable but in no case more than 24 hours of it occurring and fully complete an Accident/Theft report form.

If the Vehicle is stolen or if You or an Authorised Driver of the Vehicle has an Accident where:

(a) any person is injured;

(b) the other party has failed to stop or leaves the scene of the Accident without exchanging names and addresses; or

You or the Authorised Driver must also report the theft or Accident to the Police.

If You or an Authorised Driver have an Accident You and the Authorised Driver must:

(a) exchange names and addresses, phone numbers and email addresses with the other driver;

(b) take a photo of the other driver's licence;

(d) take as many photos as is reasonable showing:

(i) the position of the Vehicles before they are moved for towing or salvage;

(ii) the Damage to the Vehicle;

(iii) the damage to any third party vehicle or property; and

(iv) the general area where the Accident occurred, including any road or traffic signs;

(e) (f) (g) obtain the names, addresses, phone numbers and email addresses of all witnesses;

forward all third party correspondence or court documents to Us within 7 days of receipt; and

co-operate with Us in the prosecution of any legal proceedings that We may institute or defence of any legal proceedings

which may be instituted against You or Us as a result of an Accident, including attending:

(i) Our lawyer's office; or

(ii) any Court hearing.

You and an Authorised Driver must not:

(a) (b) (c) make any admission of fault;

promise to pay any claim for Third Party Loss; or

release the other party from any liability to pay for Damage as a result of an Accident, theft of attempted theft.

Consequences of a Major Breach of the Rental Contract

11.4. 12. 12.1. No Damage Cover

If You or any Authorised Driver:

(a) commit a Major Breach of the Rental Contract in a way that causes Damage, theft of the Vehicle or Third Party Loss; or

(b) drive the Vehicle in a reckless manner so that a substantial breach of road safety legislation, has occurred,

You and any Authorised Driver:

(i) have no Damage Cover;

(ii) are liable for all Damage, theft of the Vehicle and Third Party Loss; and

(iii) are liable for and must pay any additional costs or expenses We incur as a direct consequence.

12.2. Termination and repossessionActing reasonably, We may terminate the Rental Contract and take immediate possession of the Vehicle if a breach of any part of sub-

clause 12.1 has occurred.

13. Privacy

13.1. We are committed to respecting privacy and will not collect, use or disclose Your personal information where doing so would be contrary to law.

13.2. When We collect Your personal information We will do so only for the purpose of providing rental services to You. If You choose not to provide this information to Us We may not be able to provide those rental services to You.

13.3. We take reasonable steps to make sure Your personal information is accurate, up to date and complete and that it is protected from misuse, loss or unauthorised access, modification or disclosure.

13.4. A GPS Tracking Device may be fitted to the Vehicle to enable Us to track the Vehicle when it is out of Our possession. When You sign the Rental Agreement You are authorising Us to use the GPS Tracking Device to track the Vehicle until it is returned to Us.

14. Definitions and interpretation

14.1. Definitions

In these Terms and Conditions:

Accident means an unintended and unforeseen incident, including:

(a) a collision between the Vehicle and another vehicle or object, including animals and roadside infrastructure;

(b) rollovers; and

that results in Damage or Third Party Loss.

Authorised Driver means any driver of the Vehicle who is approved by Us and who is recorded on the Rental Agreement prior to the Start of the Rental.

Damage means:

(a) any loss or damage to the Vehicle including its parts, components and accessories, including the GPS unit, that is not fair

wear and tear;

(b) towing and salvage costs;

(d) Loss of Use,

and for the removal of doubt, any Damage to the windscreen, headlights, lights or tyres that makes the Vehicle

unroadworthy is not fair wear and tear.

Damage Cover means the cover You and an Authorised Driver have for Damage, theft, attempted theft and Third Party

Loss under clause 8, subject to the Damage Cover Exclusions in clause 9.

Damage Excess means the amount, including GST, up to which You must pay Us in the event of an Accident or

attempted theft that causes Damage or Third Party Loss or the Vehicle has been stolen and not recovered.

End of the Rental means the date and time shown in the Rental Agreement or the date and time the Vehicle is returned to Us, whichever is the later.

GPS Tracking Device means a GPS or other device that is fitted to the Vehicle that has electronic tracking capabilities to

determine its location and other data including speed and fuel levels.

Loss of Use means Our loss calculated on a daily basis at the daily rate shown in the Rental Agreement because the Vehicle is being repaired or replaced if it is written off as a result of an Accident or it has been stolen.

Major Breach means a breach of any of the following:

(a) clauses 2 (all parts); 3 (all parts); 4 (all parts); sub-clauses 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, or 5.10 that causes Damage, theft of the Vehicle

or Third Party Loss; or

(b) clause 11 (all parts) that prevents Us from properly investigating a claim arising from an Accident or theft or from

prosecuting or defending any Accident or theft claim; or

Off Road means an area, surface or terrain that is not a sealed or unsealed road and includes, but is not limited to,

unformed roads, fire trails, tracks, river and tidal crossings, creek beds, beaches, streams, dams, rivers, flood waters,

sand, deserts, rocks, fields and paddocks.

Overhead Damage means:

(a) Damage to the Vehicle; or

(b) Third Party Loss,

caused by:

(i) contact between the part of the Vehicle that is at or above the level of the top of the front windscreen with objects

overhanging or obstructing its path;

(ii) objects being placed on the roof of the Vehicle; or

(iii) You or any person standing or sitting on the roof of the Vehicle.

Rental Charges means the charges payable for renting the Vehicle from Us together with GST and any other taxes or

levies which are all fully set out in the Rental Agreement.

Rental Period means the period commencing at the time shown in the Rental Agreement and concluding at the End of the Rental.

Rental Station means the location from which the Vehicle is rented, as shown on the Rental Agreement.

Start of the Rental means the date and time that the rental commences as shown in the Rental Agreement.

Third Party Loss means loss or damage to third party property, including other motor vehicles and any claim for third party loss of income.Underbody Damage means any damage to the Vehicle caused by or resulting from contact between the underside of the

Vehicle and any part of the roadway or any object or obstruction, including kerbs, gutters, speed or road humps, barriers or wheel stops and does not arise as a result of an impact with another vehicle.

Vehicle means the Vehicle described in the Rental Agreement and includes its parts, components and accessories, including the GPS unit.

We, Us, Our, means K & M Kite ( Australia ) Pty Ltd ATF The Rental Trust trading as Wheelies Van Rentals Gold Coast

ABN 85 253 211 402.

You, Your means the person, whether it is an individual, a firm or company or government agency that rents the Vehicle from Us and whose name is shown in the Rental Agreement.

14.2. Interpretation

In these Terms and Conditions, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) headings are for convenience only and do not form part of the Terms and Conditions or affect their interpretation; and

(b) where You comprises two or more persons each is bound jointly and severally.

You can download the full terms and conditions here.

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